Jung’s Unconscious Mind Essay Example for Free

Jungs Un advised Mind EssayIn his description and explanation of the fourth proportionality of the unconscious pass, Carl Jung uses an example involving wiz of his patients to justify his addition of the joint unconscious as the fourth map of Freuds unconscious mind. His patient had successfully completed the psychoanalytic process of transference but was static not cured. This was the end of the process of psychoanalytic transference developed and practiced by Sigmund Freud. This led Jung to look at that the unconscious consisted of more than the components of repression, as was believed by Freud. If what she had been repressing had been discovered and was now being embraced in her conscious mind, her condition should have improved according to Freuds theory. Her condition had not improved thus, Jung felt that at that place must be more. Jung began to look to her dreams, which he believed to be essentially photos of the unconscious mind at work. He found patterns that ap pe ared ideal to and should have allowed psychoanalytic transference to function sufficiently. Despite her achievement of transference, the woman was clam up not well. He continued to observe her dreams.She had likened him, the doctor, to an amalgamation of her stimulate and a lover who embodied the estimable traits of her father just as the process would call for. This should have led to her cure but it did not. collect to the position she had not yet improved, he continued to observe her dreams until one day, he realized that she had likened him not just to the amalgamation of father and lover but, to a more divine figure. Though she was not a ghostlike person, he figured that she had a proneness for a god welling up from our deepest darkest instinctual nature (Jung, 492).Her puzzle was not one of repressed findings but a longing for something higher to guide and protect her. mayhap in the time that her father was alive, he was able to serve that purpose. With him gone, t he urge regained influence. The urge was not one of conscious mind. It was an crusade to replace the Christian faith she had abandoned with something real. She likened the doctor to a god and be private road she knew her alliance with the doctor to be intimate, it helped her to feel closer to god. Freuds definition of the unconscious mind included solely things that had once been present in the conscious mind.The patient had never encountered the symbolic, ancient deities that were represented by the father figure of her dreams. There was a demand for more content in the definition of the unconscious mind. This mental phenomenon has affected my attitude toward religion as well. I, like the patient in this case, abandoned my Christian genteelness for a more agnostic and eclectic practice. It is no doubt that in that respect is such an instinctual nature to attempt to define and relate to the divine. It may be observed in the fact that people of all cultures, in all parts of the world have some type of religious belief and practice.There are many an(prenominal) different types. The proof lies in their existence alone. Though they may vary in many ways, they are all a result of this wrath which wells up from the deepest, darkest part of our beings. Of course, religion right away has become part of our be. During our childhood, we are introduced to religion by our parents. The proof of the unconscious minds longing is in the founders of these religions. These people had a passion that drove them to do more than they were essential. The feelings of hunger, thirstiness and cold required them to hunt and seek shelter.These actions were result based purely of an experiential nature. Some of these people were good at what they had to do and were able to live more or less comfortably. Their minds had the leisure to allow the unconscious mind to play during their dreams. Given the chance, the unconscious mind played with the images of the divine. It drew from the collective unconscious of archetypal imagery. It gave them hints that there was more to what could be seen. It offered images of things good and offered means of achieving them. These men, these dreamers, acted out their dreams.They paid homage to what their intuitions, their unconscious minds, had sh throw them. They performed rituals imitating creatures not of this world. They went into trances and allowed themselves to be controlled completely by the unconscious mind. They performed the first rituals. They allowed their unconscious desires to dictate their actions. For these men, religion was intuitive. Now, we get the religious experience with its images and concepts, fed to us in a spoon with our mashed carrots. For us, we are conditioned into religion. I have eer been more of a nonconformist.When I became old enough to question why, to critically examine more digest concepts, to use my experiences of reality as a gage against what I was being told, I stepped out of confo rmity. At that point, I was antichristian. Free of the dogmas and the shelters they provided, my unconscious mind sought some sort of nourishment to quench the thirst for the ful consumement of spiritual energies. Off of the path, I soon found myself lost. So what did I do? I did what came natural. I delved into other religions. I began to study Buddhist teachings. I studied the Shinto practiced in Japan.I learned about the caste system of Indian culture. Why all this? I cogitate that I needed to. I had taken out a part of my life and needed to fill it back in. I had taken away the food for my spiritual appetite. I broke my relationship to the divine. I was discontent with no place to release my spiritual energies. However, this was not a conscious decision. Outside of the Christian tradition within which I was brought up, I felt the genuine need for fulfillment of divine nature. For something larger than myself and bigger than mankind as a whole. No one told me I had to find a h alal outlet for spiritual energies.I was driven by an unknown force, a curiosity that masked a deeper desire to relate to the divine. I wandered. I stumbled. I tripped, fell, got back up and tripped again. Masked as curiosity, the passion of my unconscious mind has driven me to explore different methods. I have thumbed through religious books from all over the world. I attend religious ceremonies and festivals of different origin. My unconscious mind has created this curiosity in order to fulfill its own desire to be a part of and to be connected to something greater. I have abandoned my antichristian post now.I now exist outside of Christianity and am able to view upon it as an objective observer. I agree with many Christian principles. I agree with them though, on my own terms, in my own understanding. I stepped away from the religion to which I had been conditioned. I explored others as was deemed necessary by my curiosities and I have found some things that I believe to be true , some things that make me feel closer to the divine. The unconscious includes the ego, the superego, and the id. Unwanted memories are pushed into the unconscious mind to be put aside. They can cause many ailments when not properly discarded.These ailments may be alleviated by methods such as psychoanalytic transference. However, even after complete transference has been completed, there is still activity taking place in the unconscious mind. It is not limited to repression. Also dwelling in the subconscious mind is a collective consciousness composed of archetypal images and instincts. This is responsible for the imagery of our dreams, the universal perceptions of beauty and the desire to be somehow linked to the divine. I have seen it in my life and I have evidence of it in the fact that religion is present and dominates nearly every society around the globe.

Bottled Water vs Tap Water Essay Example for Free

Bottled Water vs Tap Water EssayWater is vital to kind life. Humans can live for several weeks on weewee supply alone. However, they cannot survive for more than a few days without it. In fact, a humans body primarily consists of 55% to 78% body of weewee (Geri Walton. ) Therefore, we emergency wet. Life cannot exist without water. While some large number privilege drinking stored water, others prefer drinking exploit water. In fact, controversy has been placed on the quality and reliablety of drinking bottled water versus drinking tap water. The bottled water industry has increased tremendously. They offer several brands of water including mineral water, kick water, purified water and in addition well water. Water also comes in many different flavors. If you wish, you may also select carbonated water. In edict to label these, each brand has to meet certain qualifications. They must be collected and strictly treated. The Food Standards Agency monitors bottled wat er. They adhere to rigorous guidelines as to what can and cannot be put on the label. Many believe that bottled water is much wellnessier than tap water. It is unbosom of bacterium.It is wanton from filthy chemicals. In fact, the levels of lead in bottled water argon much lower than those in tap water. Bottled water is free from contamination and safer for drinking. It prevents harmful substances and organisms from entering into the body. Bottled water has to pass through a nuance process. Many companies like to include the word pure in their advertising of campaigns and trademarks. They realize that many people find it secure in health benefits over other products. This guarantees high-quality drinking water.Bottled water provides compelling vitamins and minerals to the human body. Sufficient amounts of minerals ar important for managing a healthy human system. There are numerous health benefits for drinking bottled water. In some countries, such as Europe, humans believe that bottled waters bugger off healthful properties. It contains zero fat, calories and sugar. According to the International Bottled Water Association, one of the main health benefits of bottled water is that it can switch less healthy beverages, such as soda, sweet tea, hot chocolate and sugary flavored coffees. (Ipatenco, Sara)In straightaways society, bottled water may be found any and everywhere, from offices to homes and restaurants across the country. It is rejuvenating, healthy and convenient to execute around. It is great for those on the go. An accessible bottle in your bag will immediately quench your thirst. Having bottled water may result in more fluid intake. Sufficient utilization of water is important for preventing evaporation and for keeping our bodies functioning properly.Although there are several benefits of drinking bottled water, more and more people are questioning if it is actually better than tap water. In fact, many believe that bottled water is not safer or purer than tap water. Many believe that tap water tastes just as good as bottled water. During a blind taste test in New York City, the greater part of the people actually preferred the taste of tap water over bottled water. Tap water is not hazardous or harmful. In fact, it is well-regulated and inspected hundreds of times per month by the Environmental Protection Agency.These agencies make certain tap water is free of harmful toxins and other bacteria. With tap water, you are more likely to know what is in it. Tap water is tested cautiously. Every year, several tests are taken to ensure that tap water is as safe as it can possibly be. With strict standards, they are tested for micro-organisms and other chemicals and metals. It is also tested for water pathogens that could possibly cause intestinal problems. Tap water is composed of fluoride and chloronation. The enamel-protecting fluoride reduces tooth decay and enhances oral health.It is a major ingredient in toothpastes, w hile chlorination kills bacteria. Tap water is much cheaper than bottled water. It is free Bottled water is extremely pricy compared to tap water. Bottled water companies make tens of billions of dollars per year. In todays society, people are paying so much for bottled water when they could actually get tap water practically free. In fact, bottled water be 500 times more than tap water (MacKenzie, Ashley. ) By drinking tap water, you hold open a tremendous amount of money.Drinking tap water is better on our environment. Water bottles are thrown into landfills. It takes more than 700 years for plastic to decompose. Reducing the amount of plastic water bottles in landfills can save energy drastically. Drinking water from a glass or using a refillable steel bottle also saves resources. By drinking tap water, you save the planet. Tap water has some bacteria that are actually beneficial to your health. The human immune system automatically strengthens its defenses against any possib le harmful bacteria that it is exposed to.Our immune system is familiar with small amounts of bacteria and is equipped to prevent illnesses. For a fact, our bodies need water. Humans lose water every day through breathing, perspiration, urine and bowel movements. In order for our bodies to function properly, it is essential that we replenish it with water. Basically, bottled water and tap water come from the same sources lakes, springs and aquifers. They each have many benefits. One must decide as to which is best. What type of water will you drink bottled water or tap water? Make the healthy choice.

OMD Project Management Essay Example for Free

OMD enter attention testBackground Information OMD Project anxiety is a consultancy that provides construction project management for its clients. OMD Project Management was set up approximately eighteen months ago and has a staff of three. They receive access to a ample skill base, which may be c tout ensembleed upon as required to satisfy project conditions. This helps to reduce everyplaceheads and join on profit ability. The blend ins include the following services* measured surveys,* Schedule of condition (report on the estate of the building, identifying whatever atomic number 18as that provide incur rectification at the clients cost. * Lease appraisal (review legal documents on clients behalf)* apostrophize estimate of works.* Tender works to specialist contractors* Manage projects* Agree final costs of the project with contractors on behalf of client* Ensure statutory regulations are complied with (planning approvals building regulations and dis fittedd discr imination act)Although OMD Project management is a sm both company it has a large client base. These vary from large multi-national companies to sm alone private businesses. They secernate with the retail sector where they own at least twenty years of experienceProblem A current issue that the company has is invoicing. Invoicing currently idler take up to an hour to complete. Invoicing is currently through with(p) by hand and on paper, this is not a very efficient way of doing this commerce because it takes up too very much eon and human defect is often an issue. These misunderstandings basin include charging too much or too little m singley. By providing an visor organisation it would save the company large enumerates of season an effort. It would likewise reduce the pith of human error and increase the accuracy of the invoice.Current Invoice arranging OMD project management currently do either of their invoicing on paper. This means that the consultant leave alo ne mark his hours his expenses and his hourly rate in his head and when it comes around to invoicing the client he will showcase totally of these things up on to Microsoft word, print it off and give it to the client so the are able to constitute the company. As you could gather this is a very inefficient way of invoicing the client. This can also lead to large heart of errors during the invoicing process, for example a client may be under charged or over charged.End User Skills The main exploiter of the document that I will make out is of the older generation. He prefers to do things the old fashioned way, this means that he likes to do his invoicing on paper using a calculator and a pen and it would currently take him longer to create an invoice on the computing device than it would for him to do it on paper, however he is not core computer illiterate and he is able to use most word processing and spread sail programmes. OMD Project Management would like to me to create an invoice system that is simple yet effective so that he is able to save time by moving his invoice system onto computer and they would also like me to create a system that is able to be used by everyone in the company.RequirementsGeneral* The invoice moldiness be in Lucida sans console.* The text essential be black in colour* The program mustiness be user friendly* The company logo must be at the top of the invoice* The clients address must be at the top left of the page but lower than the logo.* The invoice consider should be on the left hand side of the page and below the address.* A partitioning of the invoice should be in the middle of the page just below the invoice anatomy.* The total, in bold, will go underneath the invoice sectionalisation.* The company address will go at the bottom of the page.* It must look professional. soft* The program must be able to lend one self all of the diametrical types of expenses.* The program must be able to hold dissimilar types of descents.* The program must double up as an estimating system.* The program must produce an accurate invoice.* The program must hold different client addressesQuantitative* From start to kibosh the invoice must only take 15 minutes.* The invoice must be able to hold 3 different types of jobs* The program must be able to hold at least 20 different client addressesHardware and Software on that point is a currently a huge amount of hardware available on the market. You can buy many different types of computer each one suitable for a different purpose, for example laptops are portable and can be taken anywhere, this can be very convenient as the user is able to do his work anywhere and also with the invention of wireless technology the user can connect to the mesh anywhere that wireless internet is available. Another type of PC that is available is desktop PC. This is a PC that stays stationary. This type of PC gives you a lot more(prenominal) room to type etc and also has a mouse as standard, these can be permanently linked up to a printer and/or the internet.The current system that OMD Project management runs is a Compaq Presario with an Intel Pentium 4 processor. OMD Project Management feels that there is no motif to purchase a new system because they feel that their current system is sufficient and suitable for the job in hand. There are many different types of software that is suitable for this project. I believe that the most appropriate is a spread aeroplane package. This is because you are able to use the program to calculate lots of different things. With a bit of self teaching you are able to use the program to do lots of different processes. OMD Project Management already has Microsoft office XP installed on their system and they feel that I should use Microsoft Excel to create their invoice system. This is so that it is compatible with their system. I believe that this is a good choice as Excel is more than adequate for the task in hand.InputEnt er the job type inscribeEnter all the things to with the amount of work done* The subjugate of days worked.* Enter the correct compute that corresponds to the appropriate charge paid per dayEnter all the relevant expenses details* The tour of miles travelled and the number of nights stayed in a hotel.Enter the reckon for the desired client addressEnter the client addresses.* Code number* Address line 1* Address line 2* postcode* contact number carry outLookup the type of job according to the code and multiply the rate of pay by the number of days worked.Calculate the amount of expenses owed for travelling.Calculate the amount of expenses owed for staying in hotels.Calculate sub-total, tub and the final total. sidetrackA full invoice with the amount owed for work done and the amount owed for expenses with sub-totals, VAT added and the final total at the end.It should also display the company logo, company address, company logo and the client address.It should look professional. assay Strategy I will test my program in three different ways. I will ask my end user to use my new system and ask them to give me feedback on it so I am able to adjust it to their liking. Also I will devise tests that will be conducted during and after the implementation stage this will allow me to improve my system greatly and identify any errors that are in my system.TestNumberTestTest DataExpectedOutcomeexistingOutcomeCorrectiveAction1abc learn catchValidation rule. public10/08/05Extreme32/08/05Erroneous374hcbsiWill acceptData.Wont accept the date.Should not accept thisAs judgeAs anticipateAs anticipate2Check that the conventionality has worked to calculate the sub-total.N/AThe rundown of the total notes owed for work and expenses.As anticipate3Check that the formula for working out the VAT works.N/AThe product of the sub-total multiplied by 17.5%.As expect4Check that the formula for working out the total works.N/AThe sum of the sub-total and the VAT.As expected5 abcChe ck the lookup function works for the job type code number.Normal2Extreme4Erroneous224hsdnsgIt should return 315.00.It comes up with an error messageIt should come up with an error message.As expectedIt comes up with 275 which is the value for 3As expectedPut a administration rule on it so that no number higher(prenominal) than 3 can be entered.6Check that the formula for working out the total amount of money owed for work done works.N/AThe product of the price paid per day and the number of days worked.As expected7Check that formula for astute travel expenses works.N/AThe product of the price per mile and the number of miles travelled.As expected8Check that formula for calculating the amount of money owed for staying in hotels.N/AThe product of the price paid per night and the number of nights stayed.As expected9Check that formula for calculating the total expenses owed for works.N/AThe sum of the amount owed for travelling and the amount owed for hotelsAs expected10Check that the summary page big push button works.N/AThe button takes you to the summary page.As expected11Check that the breakdown page big button works.N/AThe button takes you to the breakdown page.As expected12Check that the job type page macro button works.N/AThe button takes you to the job type page.As expected13Check that the client address page macro button works.N/AThe button takes you to client address pageAs expected14Check that the clear invoice/summary macro button works.N/AThe button clears all of the entries that are on the invoice.As expected15Check that clear breakdown macro button works.N/AThe button will clear all of the entries that are on the summary tabloid.As expected16Check that the back to main menu macro button on the breakdown sheet works.N/AThe button will take you back to the main menu page.As expected17Check that the back to main menu macro button on the job type sheet works.N/AThe button will take you back to the main menu page.As expected18 abcCheck data validat ion for D2D14 on breakdown sheet to allow numbers only.Normal30ExtremeDErroneousdn8949The program allows entry.It shows an error message to explain that no letters are allowed.As above.As expectedAs expectedAs expected19 abTest the lookup function for the client addressesNormal3Extreme51Erroneous73hdhb.It will look up the client address with that code number.It shows N/A in the cell meaning there is an error in the formula.As above.As expectedIt comes up with zeroAs expectedI will put a validation rule on the cell so that it will only allow numbers below 51.20Check that the back to main menu macro button on the client details sheet works.N/AThe button will take you back to the main menu page.As expected21Give the program to OMD project Management for them to test itImplementation Log17/11/05The first stage of my implementation was to insert two worksheets.I then renamed my worksheets for easy reference the sheets will be named Main Menu, Summary, Breakdown, Job Type and Client Detai ls.Here I have entered all of the editorial headings for the client details addressesHere I have highlighted cells A1F51 this allows the user to enter up to 50 different addresses as stated in the requirements. I then named the table Address.Here I have entered all the data for the different types of jobs.And here I have formatted the cells to currency so that the data in these cells is displayed as a currency.I highlighted cells B2D5 and inserted a name. The table name is now jobs.Here I have entered all of the headings for this table and I have then highlighted cells A1F15 and named them Breakdown.Here I have entered the vlookup formula,that will lookup the different rates that correspond to the code No. entered and put them onto this sheet.As you can see the vlookup formula has worked as it has entered the rate of pay. I have also put in the formula to workout amount of money owed.I have entered the formula to calculate the amount of money owed for travelling.Here I have entered the formulae to work out the total amount of money owed for expenses and to work out the money owed for staying in hotels. I have also formatted all the cells containing monetary values to currency.As you can see here I have entered all the text onto the summary sheet.Here I have entered a validation rule to the date cell on the invoice which only allows a date to be entered in the format 00/00/00 and it must be greater than 01/01/2000.I also added my own error message to inform the user of what the need to enter.Here I have entered the vlookup formula which will lookup each part of the address that corresponds to the code and the transfer them onto this sheet. I entered the same formula for the 4 cells below but each time change magnitude the column index number by one.This is the formula that copies the amount of money owed for work from the breakdown sheet onto the summary sheet.This formula is the same as above except that it copies the total amount of expenses owed instead of the amount of money owed for workHere is the formula to calculate the sub-total.And here is the formula to work out the VAT to be added.And finally the formula that will work out the total amount of money owed.This is me record the macro that will take you from the main menu page to the breakdown page. I will do the same for each macro that is used for navigation. To create the macro button I used the forms toolbar and clicked on the button icon and I drew the button. I then right clicked it and assigned the appropriate macro to it. So now whenever I click the button it will take me to the specified page.Here I am assigning the macro to the macro button. I have save a macro that deletes all the entries that have been entered into the invoice breakdown sheet.This macro button clears all the information, on the invoice summary page, that changes. And for the addresses it changes the code so that a line is displayed instead of the client address.I did this each time I recorded a new macro and just chose a new name for it.

Blake Recalls Innocence and Experience Essay Example for Free

Blake Recalls Innocence and Experience establishWhen attempting to penetrate into the deeper themes of William Blakes bike of rimes Songs of Innocence and Experience it can be useful to recognize that the title of the poems, as well as the subsequent division into sections of innocence and experience carries humorous connotations. Blakes intention in this cycle of poems, which he subtitled Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul (Ostriker, 1977, p. 104) was to posit the relationship of individual freedom and self-rule as being at one with ecclesiastic Will. Therefore, the disk operating system of innocence which is referred to in the cycles title as well as in the division of poems itself is meant to suggest not ignorance which leads to innocence but the innocence which is gained (or reclaimed) by the experience of the Divine. In fact the first poem in the innocence cycle, Introduction makes plainly manifest, Blakes ironic use of the titular connotations of inno cence and experience. The poems second stanza reads Pipe a song about a give birthSo I piped with merry chear, Piper pipe that song again So I piped, he wept to hear (Ostriker, 1977, p. 104) The subtlety of Blakes theme here is so accomplished as to be almost lightless when one reads the lines without carefully probing each word for its connotations. Special attention must be attached to each word-choice to extract from the sing-song pleasantness of the poem, the resounding and profound thematic ideas which lay beneath the poems surface.The word birth for example is capitalized not only to emphasize the mythic and religious ideas which are an intimate part of Christian symbolism, but to inform the reader that Lamb is, indeed, the theme of the entire poem. The repeating of the word piped is intended to study that the Divine voice is always trying to break through to humankind the line So I piped, he wept to hear reveals that this song of innocence is, in fact, a song of experie nce the knowledge that humanity is blind to, or in this case, deaf to, the Divine voice.While Blake emphasizes a state of idealism in his Songs of Innocence and Experience nowhere does he proffer the idea of unresisting acceptance of the worlds injustices or pain. In fact, passivity to the worlds suffering is defined not in the poems of innocence but in a poem of experience where Blakes verdict on the lack of empathy in the modern world could be made no more certain or clear. His poem London is a lament for precisely this idea of passive acceptance of world injustice and sufferingIn ever cry of any man, In every Infants cry f fear, In very voice in every ban, The mind-forgd manacles I hear (Ostriker, 1977, 128). In these lines, the capitalized word Infants denotes a connection to the Lamb of th other poems in Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience the dear and the child are both symbols of the individuated self, and also of the Divine Will, which Blake, as mentioned, attempts to unify in his poetry. (Ostriker).The phrase mind-forgd manacles is fundamental because it shows how a lack of empathy and compassion or even concern for the worlds troubles is a function of ignorance, of a disadvantageously kind of innocence a worldly oblivion, which stands in sharp contrast to Blakes idealized state of Divine innocence which is often frustrated by the materiality of ignorance of the world, but is nevertheless, an inheritance, according to Blake, which is due to every sustentation individual on earth.The attainment of a state of ideal innocence in Blake denotes a state of self-awareness and self-identity which steps outside of the concerns of material wealth and social standing and relies purely upon the human heart as its gauge of success and its proximity to the Divine as a measure of its truth. Reference Ostriker, Alicia. 1977. William Blake The Complete Poems. Penguin Books, freshly York.

Pmc Case Answers Essay Example for Free

Pmc Case Answers Essay1) List the important facts in the case.SAS Pvt Ltd is a rapidly growing softw are firm in IT industry. Employee compensation package is one of the major(ip) factors which garter SAS to maintain its employee loyalty. They facilitate activities like game, sports, yoga etc, which helps the employee to feel more relaxed in their trimplace. Both mental and physical vividness is necessary for deliver a better result. Activities offered by familiarity helps the employee to balance both engagement heartspan and family life together. Working hours of comp all is scheduled in such a way that to ensure the employee grow life balance. Company following a relaxed culture which avoid stress and tension which is the major line which is seen in majority IT companies.Enough leaves and medical facilities are providing by company without any salary cutting which will help the company to make a secure feeling among employees. Job security is the major factor which all employees are looking for. Even though company is not providing stock options and higher(prenominal) salary, employees wont feel any bad about it because of the loyalty they go for towards the company. Layoff calculate of company is maintained in a minimum level when compare to competitors and which helps them to save employee replacement-related be and lost work time. Even though they are spending more for employee compensation they have a high rate of return from that.2) Are progressive HR practices like those at SAS, a cause or a result of high profits? Yes. By doing progressive HR practices company can maintain a loyalty among employees which helps the organization for better performance. Work life balance helps the employee to maintain a healthy family life along with job and they feel more secure in their job. It helps the organization to reduce the rate of layoff which is the major loss for a company. Company can save employee replacement-relatedcosts such as recruitme nt, interviews, moving costs for new hires and lost work time. Following are some of the major proceedss Job satisfaction Employees would be happy with their jobs and would love to work for you if they get fair rewards in exchange of their services. Motivation We all have different kinds of needfully. Some value achievement more than money, they would associate themselves with firms. A compensation plan that hits workers needs is more likely to motivate them to act in the desired way.Low Absenteeism If they enjoy the office environs and are happy with their benefits and get what they need and want. Low Turnover Employees dont want to work for any other company if you offer them fair rewards. Advantage to Your Employees Peace of Mind Offering of several(prenominal) types of insurances to your workers relieves them from certain fears. Your workers as a result now work with relaxed mind. Increases self-confidence Every human beingness wants his/her efforts to get acknowledgment. Em ployees gain more and more confidence in them and in their abilities if they receive just rewards. As a result, their performance level shoots up.3) What possible problems could the management at SAS face (from employees) due to the benefits offered?If employees are acquiring more benefits like employees getting in SAS there is a chance to have a drift to give second priority to work. It is because of less strictness about the timing and more benefit without any deduction in salary. And it can lead to a mismatch in benefit and productivity. Because they have portion out of benefits but there is no specific par in scathe of productivity an employee should have. It may leads to mismatch. 4) If you are appointed as the HR manager at SAS, what changes would you recommend in the compensation structure?If I am appointed as an HR manager then I will modify the exist salary. Main modification should be on productivity and benefits. If an employee is working more productively then benefi t given also will be high. It is better to implement some specific target to severally employee to achieve and if he/she achieved the target within the specific time then rewards should be given. Rewards can be in both tangible and intangible. It will give motivation to employees to attain more and its leads to increase in productivity. I will ensure a better career growth so that employee feels more responsible for(p) and loyalty towards the firm. Work more. get more this will be the strategy in terms of Benefits.

The ancient cultures of the world Essay Example for Free

The ancient cultures of the world EssayFood plays a very crucial situation in the development of civilizations and cultures. The cultures that were able to come up with abundant regimen furnish were able to raise enlarged populations that aided in them existence able to control large empires. The less sufficient populations were easily conquered by the others. It is clear that nutriment vie an important role in all of this. Yet, as the world turns, thither is less and less emphases being placed on being able to control victuals supply as countries all over the world be able to trade with each other for food items. Dominance is no longer hinged on the amount of food but in other matters. The role of food is non being understated but rather just reduced in direct as other important matters take precedence pursuant to the fact that food supply has more than or less been secured especially in the developed countries and cultures. 1. The ancient cultures of the world suc h as the premature endemic Americans, Incas, Mayas, Egyptians, etc. , all ate what was available from the land around them. For example, each early domestic American tribes had a specific diet based on the geography of the region of the United States they were rigid in.Culture, however, did take for an impact on how and why many early civilizations ate the foods that they ate. Some early Native American tribes ate buffalo because it was not only a source of food, but also a source of clothing and shelter. Culture in some instances has affected what certain religions can and cannot exhaust. For example, Muslims and Jews cannot eat pork, maculation Hindus cannot eat meat. In the US, freedom and equality has allowed many different cultures to practices what they wish. Many different types of food cultures are evident throughout the United States.US society, though, has changed some of those practices and made them more practical and efficient to run short societys needs. For ex ample, instead of spending all day cooking for a certain religious holiday, a family can go out and buy the foods they need already cooked and ready to eat. This is something that does not a great deal occur in other cracks of the world, but fits in with the convenience of US society. It is interesting to intend out, however, that while it is argued that culture plays a big role, religion perhaps exerts a bigger role.The abundance of meats and pork in those regions would have made these ideal foods that were convenient and could sustain the growing population much easier than alternate(a) foods that were often tied up with rituals. Perhaps, the better perspective would be that food is connected to culture and not to necessity or geography. 2. Food began as fuel for the body in its simplest form, but has transformed into an important part of culture and religion. I think culture and geographical location play a very important part in the foods that we eat.Foods beginnings were ve ry natural, but the changes in the way we harvest, grow and prepare foods have changed food to a very unnatural process. It does seem as though food has incessantly played an important part in the culture and religion of society. Food in the United States seems to be on a path to becoming less important in the religious and ethnic values as we have so many different cultures that are being combined into one society. I line up that the informality of meals in todays society is changing the way that we look at food as a part of our daily lives.Meals were times for family in the past and now, it seems like we are always in hurry and trying to eat when we can, rather than making it a social or cultural event. The change that food has had in culture over the years can be attributed to its abundance. As so aptly pointed out, food has become less important and less part of society as a cultural event because of the abundance. In a country that has no problem with food supply, the United States, by ensuring a steady supply of food, has diminished its cultural and social impact. 3.I believe that geography had a lot to do with what people ate historically. Because traveling was so much more difficult, it was impossible to go around at the rate we can so they were stuck in the region that they lived. I think a lot of food customs were built that way. Back then though, I believe that it was natural because they hunt down and gathered wild plants and animals instead of raising them how we do now. Historically, all of an animal was used. Every edible part was eaten and all the non-edible parts were used in some capacity.I think that idea paired with the animals being wild made it natural. Nowadays, I totally agree that it is an unnatural, but essential process. We do need the food to survive and with the population of the world, there is no chance all the wild animals would be enough to eat off of and to preserve. I do believe that the foods we eat has everything to do with the culture we were brought up in. Watching the video recording Bugs for Breakfast totally proves this point. Eating is just as much important to cultures as the special traditions.Heck, to the highest degree traditions involve eating traditional food. There is no way to separate food and culture. We dont eat for just necessity like the past. We eat for pleasure. Food is appreciated differently these days fit in to the difficulty that we have had acquiring it. Hunter gatherer communities made sure that every part of the fling off was used because there was no guarantee when the next kill would be. Yet, as man learned how to tame and raise food, the priorities became difficult and man now had a luxury to refuse the parts that they dont want.

Is Cloning Playing God?

Is Cloning Playing immortal?Imagine sitting down, all of the sudden, you look to your left, and what do you see. Yourself, as a seven-year-old child, but wait a minute, you be 30 old age of age. This child is genetically same to you, however, his parents are not yours and although you see m either similarities, this child is acting in a way you have never acted. This child as you can see knows more about technology than you did at that age. Why? The answers is simple, this seven-year-old child is growing in a contrary time an era where technology is necessary. So is this child really your clone or? This child has a dissimilar piece of parents than you, yet this child does not have one single gene from them. Is it cloning a benevolent being playing God?Scientists have been experimenting with cloning for at least forty years however, it was not until February 24, 1997 and the news of the successful cloning of Dolly the sheep from mammary cellular telephones of an adult she ep, that reaction emerged from around the world. at one time a day, we have heard of opposite(a) animals, such as sheep, mice, cows, pigs, goats, dogs, and cats, as salutary as other things have been cloned with no condemnation. Conversely, the possibility of charitable cloning is for most an abomination.The idea of cloning valet de chambre has created a mixed of emotions, including confusion in society. Cloning for most of the hatful, means changing the history of compassionateity. Even though, Ian William, the Scotland scientist that cloned the sheep, total to never clone humans, thirty hours after the news of Dolly circle the world, a bill was passed in New York by Legislator, John Marchi, to make human cloning illegal. Furthermore, other scientists, physicians, conservative ministers, and rabbis joined the molarity Shalt Not Clone Humans movement and among the reasons to tossned cloning were the human rights to have a set of biological parents (Pence 23).Almost global ly but mostly in the USA and Europe there is a devastating agreement, stating that human cloning is unethical therefore, it should be prohibited by law. On the other hand, there is not a clear explanation or reasons to explain as to why cloning breaks societys radical moral principles. Answering the how clones are created question can shed a light and might furnish a reason in choose or against it.In early 1970s, the breakthrough in aesculapian ethics (bioethics) has attracted many philosophers because it seems to divine service answer questions about the beginning and end of life, which is something that philosophers have continually impression about. Modern science and technology continue to raise new questions of morality, death, and new ways of reproducing the human kind. On the other hand, philosophy is about questioning assumptions. The status quo has dictated that is unthinkable to clone humans. To which philosophy responds unthinkable? Let us think about that (Pence 3 5) .Creating a human through cloning is very different from creating humans through in vitro or IVF (under glass fertilisation). Cloning is considered asexual reproduction because unlike the other two methods mentioned where an single is created from two different sets of 23 chromosomes, the individual created through cloning would have the same 46 chromosomes as the donor. Cloning implies the removal of the center of an oocyte (egg) and introducing the donors nucleus. Keeping in mind that a nucleus is what holds genetic data and by removing the original nucleus and inserting the donor, this put to work creates a new artificial cell with the potential to be used to develop a new human being (clone). Scientists would have to biochemically manipulate the process in order for the cell body (oocyte) to accept the new nucleus. After this process is of reproductive cloning is completed in a laboratory setting, this oocyte has to then be implanted in a womans uterus for the embryo to fully develop (Pence 15).In the natural creation of a human being, the oocyte (from the female) and the sperm (from a male) unite in a process called fertilization. Each the oocyte and the sperm have a nucleus, which hold genetic data from each one of the parents. Unlike cloning, there is no separation or removal of the oocytes nucleus, thus, creating a new and unique human being, with a different genotype. Another subject for banter is the idea of utilizing artificial uterus to grow these embryos thus, denying the fetus of bonding with the mother. Then again, a clone would not be considered human, unless a real flesh-and blood female gestate such embryo (Tannert 238).On other matter, humans already issue natural clones. Monozygotic twins are the natural production humans trough the same fertilized cell. The division of the cell into two genetically superposable individuals is considered normal but rarely and although monovular, they are not flawless copies. Furthermore, they are still the product of a natural process of fertilization and mutation and not cloning or biochemically manipulation. Therefore, the genetic material has gone through an lace process to create a new genotype ( (Tannert 239).Alternatively, an embryo produced in a laboratory, has been artificially constructed by human action. A manipulation that might grow up into a human, but considered an object. There are no possibilities of random mutation, as in the monozygotic twins, because to be considered a clone, it has to be genetically identical to the donor. Therefore, the argument becomes one of ethical evaluation giving a point to a legal ban on reproductive human cloning because we must not enforce ones genetic identity to some other individual.Humans for the most part strive for autonomy and so, by cloning we are restricting the cloned individual of some of the basic components of human survival thus violating what constitutionally procure human rights.Whether it is life, liberty and the pastime of happiness, which the US Declaration of Independence lists as the unalienable rights of humankind whether it is libert, galit, fraternit, the famous motto of the French rotary motion or whether it is the simple and elegant statement that The dignity of man is sacrosanct, the outgrowth sentence of the constitution of the national Republic of Germany (Tannert 238).If one uses Immanuel Kant philosophies and adds the science of cloning, cloning uses one persons genetic material (to clone) as a fomite to achieve the needs of another person (the person cloning). Therefore, one can say that this process is unethical and why it should be forbidden.On the other hand, for example, the first IVF baby born in England in 1978 is a normal woman. At first, the idea of producing humans in a tube was insane because of possible turn in defects, since then thousands of kids have been born utilizing this method. The same people arguing against it in the past were the same people arguing against cloning. The National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) has also suggested a federal law to sanction any effort to create a human by cloning. This organization utilized the Americans illogical reservation of human cloning as a motive for a ban. The fears come from fictional movies and novels of human cloning, as well as, not being able to trust scientists. Arguments against human cloning thus far have been ground on human emotions and ethics rather than facts. Emotions, however, can change with evidences. Artificial insemination for example, was once looked at as a deviance, now considered a social norm. Also, genetic testing for Down syndrome through amniocenteses because selection of pregnancy was an option.Cloning can offer some benefits It can friend scientist to comprehend how cells age it can help with treating mitochondrial DNA diseases and more importantly can eliminate the use of embryos for research. This could be accomplished by utilize the de-diff erentiated cell in the normal stage without fusing them to an egg, to create an embryo for reproductive experiments (Pence 46). There is also Polly the sheep, the first cloned animal to have a human gene in 1997. Polly was able to produce a human protein in the milk to help individuals, such as hemophiliacs and bone diseases suffers that are not able to produce it. (CNN interactive). With Wilmuts techniques and discoveries, there is the possibility of new therapies to help sick people, for example, the alteration of a gene can help the treatment of cystic fibrosis and the transplant of pigs organs to dying humans could be genetically altered to inflict rejection (Pence 22).Scientists agreed that the possibility of having an identical genetic person is nearly impossibleEven clone cells, with identical set of genes, vary somewhat in shape or coloration. the jump is made from molecules to cells, complexity jumps exponentially because molecules can be combined in thousands upon thousan ds of ways from cells (Pence 31)Therefore, even if scientists try to play God, the odds of reproducing identical cells are close to zero. People should be given an opportunity to hear both sides of the arguments in favor or against it, and then vote on what they think is correct. The cloning techniques need to be perfected, the odds of a human cloned survival is poor and uncertain furthermore, no one can guarantee perfect babies with no birth defects, but then again, even though natural fertilization, no one can guarantee a perfect baby. Human cloning it might look like playing God however, God is a God of perfection, and that is something no human can ever achieve. Every single time the tilt comes up-after Ian Wilmuts first cloning experimentations on mammals, after the Raelians claim to have cloned a human being, and in youthful times, in the stir of the South Korean cloning scandal-the community, legislators and the media all express a profound sympathy with human cloning (Pen ce 16).